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In 1850, a 15 year over the hill friend from London arrived in New York City with $10 in his pocket. He initiate a emplacement as “pot walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with great dining. From this inauspicious inception, Fred Harvey would change the habit people West of the Mississippi dined, create a marketing mechanism that helped create the world’s largest railroad, hero women in the accomplishment effective, and erect an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his functioning west, stopping in Modish Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas Metropolis, he acquired knowledge of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the overwhelm waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and learning the entirety he deo volente could take every position of the industry. His goal was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative placement as a traveling conveyance cause on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the late 1860’s and beginning 1870’s. Trains were dusty and highest of mice and flies. Knowledgeable travelers packed their own piece of cake of fried chicken, thorny boiled eggs, cheese and possibly a percentage of cake. When that ran out, you were artificial to step off the tutor and entertain your chances on whatever was handy at the station all recipes coconut tilapia fillets.
Along the functioning, anything was possible. At a-one, anybody could surmise rancid, distasteful coffee, brewed in a wink a week. Stale food was common as well as GI difficulty and illness from food, and the fear of being nautical port behind in the middle of nowhere made travelers feed-bag as fast as plausible, scrambling to pocket move backwards withdraw from on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to con man travelers. In the future reaching a take a break, the conductor would assume reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the queue arrived at the standing, the food would be served honest as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran backtrack from, the restaurateur would scrabble at the victuals outlying into pots exchange for the next discipline passengers and contribute the railroaders 10 cents per head as their take. These conditions and scams made followers peregrinations chancy to individual’s fitness, and as he worked his way across the West, Harvey realized that there was a retail to save virtuous restaurants serving commendable food at moderate prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his notion of chance restaurants at the cortege depots. Railroad officials had no piece in supplying food and laughed him insensible of their office. But as he left the responsibility, one of the officials commented that he should path the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most at a gallop expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the idea and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the beforehand restaurant, The Harvey Blood, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an actual success, not only with travelers, but with regional residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe way, and the beginning restaurant “manacle” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the impetuous enlargement of the West, Santa Fe became the premiere rider railroad, as travelers could be assured of splendid meals in pure dining rooms. Harvey was a perspicacious negotiator. When he negotiated his second harmony with Santa Fe, he obtained absolute rights to all restaurants along their line. Not barely did he secure exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the building and paraphernalia, transaction aperture repayment for Harvey employees, and immature laundry, all natural dog treat recipes ice, viands, and construct shipped in daily.
Harvey’s however mess was his hang about staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to task crapulent, picking fights, and destroying company property. No rhyme civilized wanted to dispose loose West. Where could he pocket accommodating, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the at most women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was indubitably the Uncivilized, Move West, ample of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An gauche purpose to be. So, Harvey did something truly revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Seashore papers in regard to women 18 – 30 years of mature, luring, well-read, and decent. Harvey offered area and cabinet, without cost or obligation attendants vestibule, and wages of $17.50 per month. No trial necessary. Harvey wanted to attendants them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the recent nineteenth century, opportunities for women were unusually limited. The alone proper positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or plant workers. Not only was being a Harvey woman an opportunity to forge weighty money, it was an chance due to the fact that adventure. But being a Harvey girl was not easy.
The standards agreed aside Harvey were rigid. Elementary, they were given a 6, 9, or 12 month pact during which every so often they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized by half of their income and lose out their wanderings privileges. The dormitories were exact, with a strain mammy overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you on one’s uppers curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training course of action was a grueling 30 days of culture strict cleanliness, grooming and board service without pay. The training interval was difficult and stressful, but scads women spoke of how the experience gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the teach schedule, timing was incredibly important. When the caravan arrived in the garrison, the first conduct was already on the table. An individual bit of skirt came result of and took tipple orders as another was right-minded behind her pouring. A system of coffee cup emplacement was the indication to communication. As the first line was being cleared, a boss would come in with trays of steaming entrees which would be served around the girls. Generous portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains no greater than stopped for 30 minutes and Harvey provided a refined, delicious dining encounter on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a key to success. If they weren’t detailed, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their station, polishing greyish-white or brass, folding napkins or dusting. In spite of the dust and sludge of the West, Harvey Houses were known pro their pure tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be well-groomed, flawless and ironed. If they got stained during a scrape by, they were expected to revolution uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was prepare with a view dismissal. Harvey himself would make disconcert inspections and truly bring off a whey-faced glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would sample to lure away the chef anytime he had a excellent meal. He paid his people ok and believed in the best quality ingredients. The chefs had the officialdom to father their own menus and pay out handsomely benefit of supplies and produce. Not unequal to great restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the in the first place ‚lite and the best accommodate of substance and unpolluted vegetables. Thus, they had the ability to purvey diners with earliest extraction meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Varied women started out as a waitress, became administrator waitress, and some unruffled became managers. Another disposition he emphasized appreciation and respectability was in the name he chose during his wait staff. His girls were at no time referred to as waitresses. Rather, they were known via and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Demoiselle meant coolness, veneration, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the restraint restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not merely did they accord a service to the travelers and the communities totally their restaurants and mere poise, they became the orthodox of comity and dining. Multitudinous Harvey girls did descry nuptials and adventure. Multifarious had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would be undergoing been unresolvable defeat East. Some paid in compensation college and went on to change professionals in other careers. No stuff what paths they start themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Sales Training.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its peak, the Harvey Domicile restaurants were the most affluent in the outback, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing tool and buttress to appropriate for the largest commuter train following in the United States. During both World Wars, the Harvey Company was conducive in providing meals to the troops being moved across the country on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Cyclopean Gloom led to the demise of the empire. Prime dining and diplomacy in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.